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Common methods for wastewater treatment
The commonly used methods for wastewater treatment mainly include three categories: physical methods, chemical methods, and biological methods.
The physical method mainly utilizes physical actions to treat, separate, and recover pollutants in wastewater. For example, grilles and screens can trap large suspended solids in wastewater; The precipitation method uses gravity to cause suspended particles to sink, achieving solid-liquid separation; The air flotation method creates tiny bubbles by introducing air into wastewater, causing suspended particles to adhere to the bubbles and float up to the water surface, thereby achieving separation.
The principle of chemistry is to remove pollutants from wastewater through chemical reactions or physical chemical reactions. The commonly used chemical method is coagulation, which involves adding coagulants to wastewater to aggregate colloidal particles and small suspended solids into coarser flocs, which are then removed through precipitation or filtration; The neutralization rule is used to adjust the pH of wastewater to achieve neutrality or near neutrality; The law of oxidation-reduction utilizes oxidants or reducing agents to convert harmful substances in wastewater into harmless substances.
The biological law utilizes the metabolic process of microorganisms to convert dissolved and colloidal organic pollutants in wastewater into stable and harmless substances. According to the different oxygen requirements of microorganisms, biological methods are divided into two categories: aerobic biological treatment and anaerobic biological treatment. Aerobic biological treatment needs to be carried out under aerobic conditions, while anaerobic biological treatment is carried out under anaerobic or low oxygen conditions.
In summary, there are various methods for wastewater treatment, and the most suitable treatment method or combination method should be selected based on factors such as the nature, water volume, and treatment requirements of the wastewater to achieve the best treatment effect.
